Now for the next 5 seconds I want you to not think about a pink elephant. I want you to think about a pink elephant. With re-experiencing sxs, the more you try not to think about the thoughts the more they come up Pink elephant – Small taste of what I am talking about lets do a quick exercise. Re-experiencing Recurrent, involuntary & intrusive memories Distressing dreams, nightmares Flashbacks: feeling that the event is actually happening again Psychological distress and/or physiological reactivity to cues Auditory (loud noises, helicopters, sirens, crying), visual (seeing people), smell (diesel fuel) Sweating, rapid heartbeat and breathing when thinking about the trauma (anniversary dates) Individuals with PTSD have had exposure to a traumatic stressor and then they have what are referred to as re-experiencing or intrusive thoughts. This does not include indirect non-professional exposure through electronic media, television, movies, or pictures.Įxamples Combat Physical or sexual assault (e.g., military sexual trauma, MST) “Sexual trauma in the military does not occur only during training or peacetime and in fact, the stress of war may be associated with increases in rates of sexual harassment and assault” Can be childhood or adult-related Domestic violence Serious accident (e.g., auto accident) Natural disaster First responders, EMTs, Trauma therapists What do you think are some examples of trauma? (NCPTSD, 2016b) Repeated or extreme indirect exposure to aversive details of the event(s), usually in the course of professional duties (e.g., first responders, collecting body parts professionals repeatedly exposed to details of child abuse). In fact, one cannot make a PTSD diagnosis unless the patient has actually met the "stressor criterion," which means that he or she has been exposed to an event that is considered traumatic. PTSD is unique among psychiatric diagnoses because of the great importance placed upon the etiological agent, the traumatic stressor. Also expanded the number of things that qualify as traumatic event. They took out how a person had to respond to get the criteria. If the event involved actual or threatened death, it must have been violent or accidental Repeated or extreme indirect exposure to aversive details of the events, usually in the course of professional duties Subjective experience in response to stressor – words used to describe a traumatic event Recently changed: Used to be that you had to have exposure to a traumatic event and he person's response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror (DSM-IV-TR). The person was exposed to: death, threatened death, actual or threatened serious injury, or actual or threatened sexual violence as follows (one required): Direct exposure Witnessing, in person Indirectly, by learning that a close relative or close friend was exposed to trauma. B: 1, C: 1, D: 2 E: 2 F: >1 month When I say PTSD what symptoms come to mind for you? (APA, 2013) What is PTSD? Diagnosis Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) Trauma and Stress or Related Disorders Criterion A: Traumatic stressor Criterion B: Intrusion symptoms (Re-experiencing) Criterion C: Avoidance Criterion D: Negative alterations in cognition and mood Criterion E: Alterations in arousal and reactivity Criterion F: Time period Criterion G: Severity Criterion H: Not substance-related or GMC History of PTSD. Objectives Learn to identify and talk about symptoms of PTSD and common reactions to trauma Develop an increased ability to assess for PTSD using questionnaires and clinical interviews Understand two of the empirically supported treatments for PTSDĤ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) Introductions Shana Spangler, PsyD Section Chief, Trauma Recovery Services Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare SystemĭSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria Assessment LEC, PCL-5, CAPS Overview of treatments Avoidance Other considerations Disclaimer: Today we will be discussing sensitive material, please feel free to step out at any time if you need a break.ģ Understand two of the empirically supported treatments for PTSD Presentation on theme: "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Diagnosis, Assessment, and Treatment"- Presentation transcript:ġ Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Diagnosis, Assessment, and Treatment
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